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Accessory parameters are mathematical objects which appear in linear differential equations, unknown functions of differential equations associated to isomonodromic deformation. Moreover, they are related to number theory, algebraic geometry, differential geometry, representation theory and mathematical physics. This workshop is organized for the purpose of exchanging research on accessory parameters and the related topics.
"Drinfeld-Sokolov hierarchies and isomonodromy deformation equations"
"The accessory parameters of confluent Heun's equations and irregular conformal blocks"
"Shift operators for Fuchsian systems"
"The probabilistic approach to two-dimensional conformal field theory and its role in understanding timelike Liouville theory"
"Power series solutions of the third-order Dotsenko-Fateev equation"
"On the exact WKB analysis of a difference equation satisfied by the Gauss hypergeometric function"
"Difference-differential fields of continuous functions"
"A degeneration of the generalized μ-function and the Rogers-Ramanujan continued fraction"
"Modular linear differential operators and generalized Rankin-Cohen brackets"
"Derivation of Painlevé VI equation and Garnier system by applying Kodaira-Spencer theory"
"Solutions of a class of linear ordinary differential equations derived from integrable dynamical systems"
"Transformation theory and connection problems in the exact WKB analysis of Painlevé equations"
"Many-faced Painlevé I: irregular conformal blocks, topological recursion, and holomorphic anomaly approaches"
"Transformation of linear Pfaffian systems and their singularities"
"Equivariant irregular Riemann-Hilbert correspondence and enhanced subanalytic sheaves"
"Stokes structure of summable isomorphisms"
"Drinfeld-Sokolov hierarchies and isomonodromy deformation equations"
The DS hierarchies were first proposed by Drinfeld and Sokolov as extensions of the KdV hierarchy for the affine Lie algebras. Afterward, Groot, Hollowood and Miramontes considered their generalizations from a viewpoint of Heisenberg subalgebras of the affine Lie algebras. It is known that the (generalized) DS hierarchies imply several Painlevé equations and their generalizations via operations called similarity reductions. In this talk, we focus on the DS hierarchies of type A,D,E and derive some isomonodromy deformation equations together with their symmetries. We also propose a q-analogue of the DS hierarchy of type A if time permitted. This talk is based on a joint work with K. Fuji.
"The accessory parameters of confluent Heun's equations and irregular conformal blocks"
It is conjectured that a relationship exists between the accessory parameters of (confluent) Heun's equation and the classical limit of conformal blocks. In this talk, we propose a method to obtain a formal power series expansion of the accessory parameter with respect to the time variable by considering deformations of the Heun equation that preserve a certain Voros period. We will then provide a computational verification of the agreement between the accessory parameter and the classical conformal block for the first several orders, illustrated with several examples which may have irregular singularities. This talk is based on ongoing joint work with Kohei Iwaki (University of Tokyo) and Hajime Nagoya (Kanazawa University).
"Shift operators for Fuchsian systems"
Shift operators play a basic role for Fuchsian differential equations. Schlesinger obtained the condition for the existence of shift operators when the local exponents at each singular point are mutually distinct. His result induces several interesting problems. In this talk, I will explain these problems, and show an application to Dotsenko-Fateev equation.
"The probabilistic approach to two-dimensional conformal field theory and its role in understanding timelike Liouville theory"
Conformal field theories (CFTs) are interacting quantum field theories that, thanks to the richness of conformal transformations in two dimensions, can often be solved exactly. In particular, the fact that certain correlation functions satisfy Fuchsian differential equations has provided powerful methods to compute them explicitly. In this talk, we revisit a long-standing open problem: the definition of a consistent timelike Liouville theory. This theory is a close relative of the more familiar spacelike Liouville field theory, one of the best-known and most studied examples of a two-dimensional CFT. We will show how a new perspective on analytic continuation, based on the the so-called complex multiplicative chaos, sheds light on the structure of timelike Liouville theory.
"Power series solutions of the third-order Dotsenko-Fateev equation"
We construct explicit power series solutions of the third-order Dotsenko-Fateev equation, a Fuchsian differential equation with regular singular points at x = 0, 1, ∞. The solutions are obtained around each singular point and form the main result of this work. As applications, we use these local solutions to solve the connection problem between different singular points. Moreover, under a known reducibility condition of the equation, we obtain a nontrivial solution satisfying a first-order Fuchsian differential equation, which can be written in closed form in terms of elementary functions.
"On the exact WKB analysis of a difference equation satisfied by the Gauss hypergeometric function"
In this talk we would like to consider a difference equation satisfied by the Gauss hypergeometric function. In 2015, Y. Katsushima discussed the connection formula for the difference equation of the Gauss hypergeometric function in his doctor thesis. He derived the connection formula of this difference equation by using the Mellin transform. We study Katsushima’s results from the viewpoint of WKB analysis. This talk is based on a work in progress with S. Hirose, S. Sasaki and Y. Takei.
"Difference-differential fields of continuous functions"
The set of complex-valued continuous functions on x ≧ 0 is a ring by the addition and the convolution. It has the quotient field, by which J. Mikusinski developed his operational calculus. In this talk, I will introduce derivations and transforming operators defined on the field.
"A degeneration of the generalized μ-function and the Rogers-Ramanujan continued fraction"
In this talk, we present various formulas for the little μ-function, which is derived from a divergent solution of the Ramanujan equation. In particular, by specializing the little μ-function, we describe its connection to the q-Fibonacci sequence introduced by I. Schur. Furthermore, we provide a nonlinear relation with the Rogers-Ramanujan continued fraction, which is related to modular equations.
"Modular linear differential operators and generalized Rankin-Cohen brackets"
The purpose of this talk is to give expressions for modular linear differential operators(MLDOs) of any order. In particular, we show that they can all be described in terms of Rankin-Cohen brackets and a modified Rankin-Cohen bracket by Kaneko and Koike. We also give more uniform descriptions of MLDOs in terms of canonically defined higher Serre derivatives and an extension of Rankin-Cohen brackets, as well as in terms of quasimodular forms and almost holomorphic modular forms. This is a joint work with K. Nagatomo and D. Zagier.
"Derivation of Painlevé VI equation and Garnier system by applying Kodaira-Spencer theory"
In this talk we will derive Okamoto's Hamiltonian expression of the Garnier systems from an algebro-geometric point of view. The Garnier systems are completely integrable systems of nonlinear partial differential equations. These are generalizations of the Painlevé VI equation. The Garnier systems are derived as isomonodromic deformations of rank 2 linear differential equations with regular singular points over the Riemann sphere. We will derive the Garnier systems from this perspective. The independent variables of the Garnier systems come from the location of the regular singular points of linear differential equations. That is, the space of independent variables is the space of pairwise distinct points on the Riemann sphere normalized by Möbius transformations. So those isomonodromic deformations are infinitesimal deformations of linear differential equations induced by tangents on the space of pairwise distinct points. We may describe tangents of the space of pairwise distinct points by Kodaira-Spencer theory. We will use this description for derivation of the Garnier systems directly.
"Solutions of a class of linear ordinary differential equations derived from integrable dynamical systems"
We investigate variational equations along particular solutions of integrable dynamical systems. This line of research dates back to the study of the non-integrability of the restricted three body problem due to Henri Poincaré. In this talk, we show how first integrals and continuous symmetries of the original continuous dynamical system can be used to construct explicit solutions and conserved quantities for the associated variational equations. This approach leads to a class of linear differential equations that are explicitly solvable. Finally, we discuss the connection between these constructions and the structure of the corresponding differential Galois groups.
"Transformation theory and connection problems in the exact WKB analysis of Painlevé equations"
The exact WKB analysis of Painlevé equations, developed by Kawai et al., makes full use of formal series, which need to be justified analytically. In this talk, based on our recent analytic results for formal solutions and formal transformations, we discuss connection problems.
"Many-faced Painlevé I: irregular conformal blocks, topological recursion, and holomorphic anomaly approaches"
In recent years, the Fourier series (Zak transform) structure of the Painlevé I tau function has emerged in multiple contexts. Its main building block admits several conjectural interpretations, such as the partition function of an Argyres-Douglas gauge theory, the topological recursion partition function for the Weierstrass elliptic curve, and a 1-point conformal block on the Riemann sphere with an irregular insertion of rank 5/2. We review and further develop a mathematical framework for these constructions, and formulate conjectures on their equivalence. This talk is based on joint work with N. Iorgov, O. Lisovyy, and Y. Zhuravlov (arXiv:2505.16803).
"Transformation of linear Pfaffian systems and their singularities"
There are several transformations of linear Pfaffian systems : (1) addition (gauge transformation), (2) middle convolution (fractional derivation), (3) coordinate transformation (incl. restriction to a generic hypersurface), (4) boundary value map and extension to a system with more variables (ex. rigid ODE is extended to a KZ-type equation), (5) confluence and unfolding, (6) Fourier-Laplace transform. I will discuss singularities of the resulting systems obtained by applying some combinations of these transformations.
"Equivariant irregular Riemann-Hilbert correspondence and enhanced subanalytic sheaves"
In 1984, Professor Masaki Kashiwara solved Hilbert's 21st problem, also known as the Riemann-Hilbert problem, for regular holonomic D-modules. He proved that there exists an equivalence of categories between the triangulated category of regular holonomic D-modules and that of C-constructible sheaves. Nowadays, this is called the regular Riemann-Hilbert correspondence and has been extended further to irregular holonomic D-modules as the irregular Riemann-Hilbert correspondence. In this talk, I would like to introduce an equivariant version of the algebraic irregular Riemann-Hilbert correspondence and its application. This is based on a joint work with Taito Tauchi (Aoyama Gakuin University).
"Stokes structure of summable isomorphisms"
Inspired by the work of Kontsevich-Soibelman on the comparison isomorphism for closed one forms, we formulate a kind of Riemann-Hilbert correspondence of Deligne-Malgrange type. It generalizes the Riemann-Hilbert correspondences for stalks of meromorphic connections of unramified exponential types. In the talk, we will mainly focus on the first non-trivial motivating example related to the gamma function and the digamma function, concerning applications to the comparison isomorphism conjecture and an equivariant analog of the gamma conjecture. This talk is partly based on the joint work in progress with F. Sanda.